PART ONE
Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item)
从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
1. It is time now to learn ________ to protect our atmosphere, the roof over the world of man.
A. what B. which C. how D. that
2. Association refers ________ taking the material we want to remember and relating it to something we remember accurately.
A. in B. to C. up D. by
3. Tomatoes ________ love apples and were supposed to make people ________ ate them fall in love.
A. called … who B. were called … who
C. called … whom D. were called … whom
4. The doctor advised that Jim ________ down for a rest.
A. lie B. lies C. lay D. lain
5. ________ a little earlier, I would have caught the train.
A. Did I leave B. Would I leave
C. Had I left D. Have I left
6. When we call a word “popular”, we do not mean that it is a favorite word, ________ simply that it belongs to the people as a whole, that is, it is everybody''s word.
A. so B. since C. for D. but
7. I would rather you ________ swimming now.
A. went B. go C. to go D. going
8. His illness accounts ________ his absence from class.
A. to B. for C. over D. after
9. The more words you are familiar with, the less you are aware of reading words and ________ you are aware of content and meaning.
A. more B. less C. the more D. the less
10. Almost 20% of all American families ________ single parent families, and in 85% of these families the single parent ________ the mother.
A. are … is B. are … are C. is … are D. is … is
Ⅱ. Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)
下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
Many children act in TV shows. They work several hours every day, so they cannot go to regular school. How do they get 11 ?
In Hollywood, where many TV shows are made, about forty teachers give lessons for 12 in the shows. They teach wherever their pupils are working.
The teacher''s 13 is very important. She is responsible for making sure that the child works only the permitted hours each week. She is also responsible for making sure that the child learns the 14 subjects. She makes sure, too, that the child gets enough 15 and play, along with his education.
Child actors are required to 16 classes twenty hours each week. California law says that they must be taught from September to the middle of June. If they do not get good 17 in school, they are not permitted to continue working in TV shows.
TV children are usually good 18 , and most of their teachers like this special kind of work. Their classes are held in many 19 places. Sometimes the 20 is a Mississippi riverboat. Sometimes it is the inside of a spaceship. Often the pupils become famous stars.
11. A. a school B. an honor C. an education D. a job
12. A. workers B. characters C. students D. children
13. A. job B. attitude C. worry D. emotion
14. A. interesting B. required C. easy D. difficult
15. A. food B. clothes C. work D. rest
16. A. go to B. attend C. learn D. keep up
17. A. marks B. remarks C. awards D. rewards
18. A. boys B. actors C. girls D. pupils
19. A. dangerous B. interesting C. safe D. lonely
20. A. home B. house C. classroom D. stage
Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each item)
从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的答案涂黑。
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
The communication process begins with the formulation of an idea or the selection of information by its sender. The sender then encodes the idea into symbols, thereby creating a message, which is subsequently transmitted (传送) through one or more channels (e.g., speaking, writing, or electronic media). It is at this point that the receiver decodes(解码) and attaches meaning to the message. If effective communication has occurred, the receiver will understand the idea and information as the sender intended. Unfortunately, the potential for physical and perceptual noise, which can distort the intended message of the sender, is present at every stage of the process. Fortunately, noise can be overcome through effective feedback(反馈), a response from the sender that allows misunderstandings to be identified and resolved. Twoway communication-communication that allows feedback-is almost always more effective than oneway communication.
Each of the steps in the communication process has potential problems that can impede(妨碍) effective communication. During encoding, the primary difficulty usually results from the nature of symbols and the semantic (语义) variation in their meanings. In addition to these distortions, the sender must also be aware of nonverbal messages that might distort the message. This awareness is important because research has shown that nonverbal messages are given greater weight by the receiver when decoding and attaching meaning to the message. The effectiveness of encoding will be increased if the sender develops empathy (感情移入) for the receiver and is aware of his or her own feelings and emotions. The key to effective transmission of the message is choosing the most appropriate channel or channels of media for the situation.
21. The best title for the passage is ________.
A. Communication Process B. Communication
C. Effective Communication D. Transmission of Messages
22. Twoway communication is more effective than oneway communication because ________.
A. it allows feedback
B. it can distort the intended message of the sender
C. the sender is aware of the nonverbal messages that might distort the message
D. none of the above
23. Unless the receiver understand the idea and information as the sender intended, ________.
A. effective communication can be achieved
B. effective communication cannot be achieved
C. the communication process will not end
D. both B and C
24. Problems that might impede effective communication are caused by________.
A. the nature of symbol
B. the semantic variation in their meanings
C. nonverbal messages
D. all of the above
25. Which of the following is critical to effective communication?
A. Creating a message.
B. Developing empathy for the receiver.
C. Overcoming noise through effective feedback.
D. Choosing the most appropriate channel or channels of media.
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Scientists claim that air pollution causes a decline in the world''s average air temperature. In order to prove that theory, ecologists have turned to historical data in relation to especially huge volcanic eruptions. They suspect that volcanoes affect weather change that are similar to air polluiton.
One source of information is the effect of the eruption of Tambora, a volcano in Sumbawa, the Dutch East Indias, in April 1815. The largest recorded volcanic eruption, Tambora threw 150 million tons of fine ash into the stratosphere(平流层). The ash from a volcano spreads worldwide in a few days and remains in the air for years. Its effect is to turn incoming solar radiation into space and thus cool the earth. For example, records of weather in England show that between April and November 1815, the average temperature had fallen 4.5 . During the next twentyfour months, England suffered one of the coldest periods of its history. Farmers'' records from April 1815 to December 1818 indicate frost throughout the spring and summer and sharp decreases in crop and livestock markets. Since there was a time lag(滞后) of several years between cause and effect, by the time the world agricultural commodity community had deteriorated, no one realized the cause.
