Ecologists today warn that we face a twofold menace. The everpresent possibility of volcanic eruptions, such as that of Mr. St. Helens in Washington, added to man''s pollution of the atmosphere with oil, gas, coal, and other polluting substances, may bring us increasingly colder weather.
26. It is believed that the earth gets colder when ________.
A. volcanoes erupt
B. the air is polluted by modern man
C. the rays of the sun are turned into space
D. all of the above
27. The effects of Tambora''s eruption were ________.
A. felt mainly in the Dutch East Indias
B. of several day''s duration worldwide
C. evidence of pollution''s cooling the earth
D. immediately evident to the world''s scientists
28. The cause of cold weather in England from 1815 to 1818 was ________.
A. decreased crop and livestock production
B. volcanic ash in the atmosphere
C. pollution caused by the Industrial Revolution
D. its proximity to the North sea
29. No one realized the cause of the deterioration of the world agricultural commodity market because ________.
A. there was a long delay between cause and effect
B. the weather is beyond our comprehension
C. weather forecasts were inaccurate
D. ecologists didn''t exist until modern times
30. If, as some scientists predict, the world ends in ice, what might be the cause?
A. Modern man''s pollution of the air.
B. Volcanic eruptions.
C. Obliteration(破坏) of solar radiation.
D. All of the above.
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
The great advance in rocket theory 40 years ago showed that liquidfuel rockets were far superior in every respect to the skyrocket with its weak solid fuel, the only kind of rocket then known. However, during the last decade, large solidfuel rockets with solid fuels about as powerful as liquid fuels have made their appearance, and it is a favorite layman''s(外行) question to inquire which one is “better.” The question is meaningless; one might as well ask whether a gasoline or a diesel engine is “better.” It all depends on the purpose. A liquid fuel rocket is complicated, but has the advantage that it can be controlled beautifully. The burning of the rocket engine can be stopped completely; it can be reignited(重新点火) when desired. In addition, the thrust can be made to vary by adjusting the speed of the fuel pumps. A solidfuel rocket, on the other hand, is rather simple in construction, though hard to build when a really large size is desired. But once you have a solidfuel rocket, it is ready for action at very short notice. A liquidfuel rocket has to be fueled first and cannot be held in readiness for very long after it has been fueled. However, once a solidfuel rocket has been ignited, it will keep buming. It cannot be stopped and reignited whenever desired (it could conceivably be stopped and reignited after a pre calculated time of burning has elapsed) and its thrust cannot be varied. Because a solidfuel rocket can be kept ready for a long time, most military missiles employ solid fuels, but manned spaceflight needs the fine adjustments that can only be provided by liquid fuels. It may be added that a liquidfuel rocket is an expensive device; a large solidfuel rocket is, by comparison, cheap. But the solid fuel, pound per pound, costs about 10 times as much as the liquid fuel. So you have, on the one hand, an expensive rocket with a cheap fuel and on the other hand a comparatively cheap rocket with an expensive fuel.
31. The author feels that a comparison of liquidand solidfuel rockets shows that ________.
A. neither type is very economical
B. the liquidfuel rocket is best
C. each type has certain advantages
D. the solidfuel rocket is best
32. The most important consideration for manned space flight is that the rocket be ________.
A. inexpensive to construct
B. capable of lifting heavy spacecraft into orbit
C. easily controlled
D. inexpensive to operate
33. Solidfuel rockets are expensive to operate because of their ________.
A. size B. burning time
C. fuel D. complicated engines
34. Which of the following statements is not characteristic of liquidfuel rockets?
A. The fuel is cheap.
B. They are cheap to build.
C. They can be stopped and reignited.
D. They must be used soon after fueling.
35. Which of the following statements is a possible disadvantage of solidfuel rockets?
A. They are complicated.
B. They are uneasily adjusted.
C. They are expensive to construct.
D. They cannot be ready for action with little time for preparation.
PART TWO
Ⅳ. Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two items )
将下列汉语单词译成英语。
作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。
36. 逻辑上的，符合逻辑的 a. l __ __ __ __ __ __
37. 诊断；判断，断定 v. d __ __ __ __ __ __ __
38. 模仿，仿效 v. i __ __ __ __ __ __
39. 挑战；向……挑战 n./v. c __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
40. 陈述，声明 n. s__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
41. 纪录，注册，登记 v. r __ __ __ __ __ __ __
42. 恐慌，惊慌 n./v. p __ __ __ __
43. 存在；生存 n. e __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
44. 颤抖，抖动 v. t __ __ __ __ __ __
45. 听众，观众，读者 n. a __ __ __ __ __ __ __
46. 牺牲者，受害者 n. v __ __ __ __ __
47. 神经紧张的 a. n __ __ __ __ __ __
48. 设计；预定 n/v. d __ __ __ __ __
49. 海外的，国外的 a. o __ __ __ __ __ __ __
50. 暗示，含有…的意思 v. i __ __ __ __
51. 抗议，反对 v. p __ __ __ __ __ __
52. 容量，容积；能力 n. c __ __ __ __ __ __ __
53. 稳定的，不变的 a. s __ __ __ __ __
54. 反射，反映 v. r __ __ __ __ __ __
55. 文学，文学作品 n. l __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
Ⅴ．Word Form（10 points， 1 point for each item）
将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。
56. But for the storm, we ________ (arrive) earlier.
57. When it comes to ________ (respect) the rights of a mass of anonymous individuals, we might not be so responsible.
58. She did not stop ________ (read) until it became dark.
59. He ________ (live) in England for five years before he went to the United States.
60. By next June they ________ (finish) writing the novel.
61. The sooner you leave here, ________ (good).
62. My suggestion is that a trade delegation ________ (send) to the European Union.
63. I can''t find my bag. It ________ (must, steal).
64. How ________ (get) enough capital is still a question.
65. She complained of ________ (pay) a smaller amount of money for doing the same work as others.
Ⅵ．Translation from Chinese into English（15 points， 3 points for each item）
将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。
66. 不是我不想见你，而是我没有时间。
67. 患难朋友才是真正的朋友。
68. 归根结底，我反对这个建议。
69. 他和我一样都搬不起那张桌子。
70. 我们必须正视现实。
Ⅶ．Translation from English into Chinese（15 points）.
将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。
In order to learn a foreign language well, it is necessary to overcome fear of making mistakes. If the primary goal of language use is communication, then mistakes are secondary considerations that may be dealt with gradually as awareness of those mistakes increases. On the other hand, students should not ignore their mistakes. The language learner may observe how native speakers express themselves, and how native expressions differ from the way the learner might say them. For example, a Spanish speaker who has been saying “I do it” to express willingness to do something in the immediate future, could, by interacting (交际) with native speakers of English, observe that native speakers actually say “I''ll do it”. The resulting discrepancy (差异) can serve as a basis for the student to modify his way of using the present tense in English. But a student who is unwilling to interact in the first place would lose this opportunity to learn by trial and error.