80年代，海尔同其他企业一样，实行的是"工厂制"。集团成立后，1996年开始实行"事业部制"，集团由总部、事业本部、事业部、分厂四层次组成，分别承担战略决策和投资中心、专业化经营发展中心、利润中心、成本中心职能。
事业部制是一种分权运作的形式。它是在总公司领导下设立多个事业部，各事业部有各自独立的产品和市场，实行独立核算。事业部内部在经营管理上则拥有自主性和独立性。这种组织结构形式最突出的特点是"集中决策，分散经营"，即总公司集中决策，事业部独立经营。这是在组织领导方式上由集权向分权制转化的一种改革。
这种高度分权对市场销售具有有效刺激，但这种个体户式的拼杀，会造成各事业部之间盲目竞争，竞相重复使用内外资源，于大局不利，有可能形成单位销售额上升而集团整体投资回报率不高的局面，不利于集团重点扶持未来有发展前途的产业。因此，海尔对分权的大小、多少有自己战略性的考虑。所以海尔对"夕阳型"的产品尽可能分权划小经营单位，让其随行就市；而对"朝阳型"的产业，如未来的数字化家电，则要集中人力和财力，做大规模，确保竞争力。这一点就符合产品型事业部结构的特点。
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參考答案:In 80 decade, Haier is as other enterprises , carries out" factory system". After setting up , group begins to carry out " division system" in 1996, group by headquarter , cause department, division and minute 4 layers of factory composition, undertake strategic decision-making and investment center and specialization respectively to manage development center, profit center and cost central function.
Division system is the form of a kind of minute right running. It is to establish many divisions under the lead of parent company, each division has independent product and market , carries out independent accounting. Division possesses autonomy and independence inside on management. The most outstanding characteristic of this kind of organization configuration is " concentrative decision-making scatters operation", the concentrative decision-making and division independence of parent company are managed. This is on organization leading way a kind of reform that changes by centralization of state power to minute right system.
This kind of high minute right has effective stimulate for market sales, but this kind of self-employed individual type put together to kill between, can cause each division compete blindly, it is eagerly repetitive to use internal and external resource, in the disadvantage of overall situation, may form the unit rising of total sale the group overall rate of investment returns is not high situation, disadvantage group focal point to support the future have development the industry of the future. Therefore, the big and small many rare own strategical considerations of Haier binary right. So Haier the product for" the type of the setting sun" as far as possible minute right stroke little operation unit, let it fluctuate in response to market conditions; And for the industry of " the type of rising sun ", will concentrate manpower and financial resources as future digitlization home appliance, do is large-scale, ensure competitiveness. This accords with the characteristic of product type division structure.
