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參考答案:发展概况
篮球是1891年由美国马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德（旧译春田）市基督教青年会训练学校体育教师J.奈史密斯博士创造的，起初，他将两只桃篮分别钉在键身房内看台的栏杆上，桃篮上沿距离地面3.04米，有足球作比赛工具,向篮投掷。投球入篮得1分，按得分多少决定胜负。每次投球进篮后，要爬梯子将球取出再重新开始比赛。以后逐步将竹篮改为活底的铁篮，再改为铁圈下面挂网。到1893年，形成近似现代的篮板、篮圈和篮网。
最初的篮球比赛，对上场人数、场地大小，比赛时间均无严格限制。只需双方 参加比赛的人数必须相等。比赛开始，双方队员分别站在两端线外，裁判员鸣哨并将球掷向球场中间，双方跑向场内抢球，开始比赛。持球者可以抱着球跑向篮下投 篮，首先达到预定分数者为胜。1892年，奈史密斯制定了13条比赛规则，主 要规定是不准持球跑，不准有粗野动作，不准用拳击球，否则即判犯规连续3次犯 规判负1分；比赛时间规定为上、下半时，各15分钟；对场地大小也作了规定。上场比赛人数逐步缩减为每队10人、9人、7人，1893年定为每队上场5人。1904年在第3届奥林匹克运动会上第1次进行了篮球表演赛。1908年美国 制定了全国统一的篮球规则，并有移种文字出版，发行于全世界，这样，篮球运动 逐渐传遍美洲、欧洲和亚洲，成为世界性运动项目。
Development Profile
Basketball is 1891 by the United States Massachusetts Springfield (old translation Chun Tin), YMCA Training School physical education teachers J. Dr. Naishimisi created, initially, he will get two peach baskets were nails in his room stands railings, peach basket on the ground along the 3.04 m distance, a football competition for tools to basket dropped. Netball into a basket one minute, or decided by the number of credits. Netball into each basket, to be removed to restart Patizi ball competitions. Gradually after the end of the bamboo basket to live iron basket, and then read the following to Tiequan network. To 1893, a similar modern backboard, hoop and Nets. Initial basketball competitions, the number of office, venue size, competition no strict time limit. Suffice it to the number of parties participating in the competition must be equal. Competition began, the parties who were standing at the line, throwing grenades and coaches Mingshao stadium middle, the two sides ran up to the venue grabbed begin competition. Affects persons can vote basket with the ball ran up to Lan Xia, the first person to reach the target score wins. 1892, 13 Naishimisi formulated the rules of the competition, and the main provisions are not allowed to run referees, not a physical move to a boxing ball, otherwise the foul-consecutive negative one-third of sub-regulation; Competition time provided for, and 2,713,000, 15 minutes; Size of the venue also provided. Gradually reduce the number of field competitions for each team 10, 9, 7, 1893 for each team playing 5. 1904 in three Olympic Games for the first one basketball matches. In 1908 the United States enacted the National Basketball uniform rules, and moved languages published, the issue to the world, so that basketball movement gradually spread to America, Europe and Asia, has become a world sport.
